It is very important to know about waterborne diseases because
large population of Pakistan suffer from
the waterborne diseases.
Let's check on
this critical and very important issue.
First question is...
What is a waterborne
disease...???
The diseases caused by
pathogenic microorganisms that are
transmitted through water are called
waterborne diseases.
As per World Health
Organization 2018 report the
contaminated water and food prepared
with the contaminated water is a major
health concern in our country Pakistan. Who
should know this information contained
in this blog everybody who
handles water and food should know how
important are the hygienic measures and
also we need to know, what the infectious
contaminants in water can lead to how
waterborne infectious pathogens get
transmitted.
That's an important issue
and concern...,
* Drinking of
contaminated water as we see in this
picture we should never ever drink water
from the rivers canals ponds and other
water bodies because that water may be
contaminated with several pathogens.
* The infection gets into our
body by eating of contaminated food
usually flies bring pathogenic organisms
to our food and contaminate it.
Once we eat that food, pathogens get into
our body then transfer of saliva. If one
of the two who are sharing this
or when we are eating the food eaten by others left over by others. Then infection
present in the food transmitted by the
infected individual gets into our body
bathing with contaminated water is also
one source of transmission of pathogenic
organisms.
Even washing hands with
contaminated water will also lead to
transmission of many of these organisms
what can happen when we get this
transmission of waterborne disease while
diarrhea and vomiting are the most
commonly reported symptoms of water.
Other symptoms can include problems
related to skin, ear, respiratory system, eyes etc.
Let's discuss one by one
these diseases which are transmitted
through the water.
Amoebiasis.
First is and most
common is amoebiasis
it's caused by entamoeba histolytica the
transmission is usually from hand to
mouth when hands get contaminated with
this organism and we eat the food
without washing the hands.
Then the
organisms are cysts of amoeba get into
our body through gastro-intestinal tract. The suis
non-treated drinking water flies in the
water supply and saliva transfer you the
other person has the disease are the
common transmission methods what happens
when the infection settles in our gastro-intestinal tract, abdominal discomfort, feeling of
fatigue, weight loss, diarrhea, bloating in
the tummy, and fever.
Sometimes are the
clinical symptom of immediacy.
Acanthamoeba keratitis...
The second
important disease of amoeba is
Acanthamoeba keratitis we can see the
infection of eyes in this picture the
free-living amoeba
found in
surface water tap water swimming pools
and even in the contact lens solutions
cleaning of contact lenses.
Those who, we
have the contact lenses
once, they wash are clean the lenses with
contaminated water
the organisms can get onto the eyes pain, eye redness, blurred vision, sensitivity to light sensation of
something, in the eye and excessive
tearing, are the very common symptom of
this problem.
GRE Isis...
The third important disease
transmitted by contaminated water is GRE
Isis.
This usually follows fecal-oral our
hand to mouth transmission method. In the
most common intestinal parasite present
in Pakistan today. It is transmitted by
untreated water, poor disinfection, pipe
breaks or leaks, groundwater contamination etc.
Once this
Giardia organism settles in to over G
hatred diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, bloating, and flatulence are very common
symptoms.
Botulism...
The next disease which is
transmitted from the water is called
botulism.
This bacteria enter an open
wound from contaminated water sources. It
can also enter the GI tract through
consumption of contaminated drinking
water or food contaminate.
With this, the
bacteria there will be dry mouth, blurred
or double vision, difficulty in
swallowing, muscle weakness, difficult in
breathing, slurred speech, vomiting and
sometimes diarrhea will be the common
clinical symptoms.
Death in this case is
usually caused by the respiratory
failure the very common disease which
we'll hear is cholera.
The drinking water
contaminated with this bacterium and in
severe form it is one of the most
rapidly fatal illnesses.
Symptoms of
cholera include very watery diarrhea, nausea, cramps, nosebleed, rapid pulse, vomiting etc.
The hypovolemic shock in
severe cases at which point death can
occur in 12 to 18 hours. So, we have to be
careful and not drink the contaminated
water.
Ecola infection...
Number 6 problem caused by the
waterborne disease is Ecola infection. The water contaminated with the bacteria
is the source of infection to human
beings. It leads to mostly diarrhea and
can cause death in immunodeficient. Very
young and elderly persons due to
dehydration, which develops very rapidly
in E coli infections.
leptospirosis...
The seventh problem
is leptospirosis and is transmitted by
the contaminated water.
Water
contaminated by the animal urine which
carries the bacteria becomes the source
of infection. It begins with flu-like
symptoms and then it gets resolved. The
second phase, then occurs
involving meningitis liver damage and
renal failure will be the cause of death ultimately.
Otitis externa...
The eighth problem is called
otitis externa which is also known as
swimmers. Here swimming in water
contaminated by the responsible
pathogens is the cause of this disease. The ear canal swells causes pain and
tenderness to the touch.
Salmonellosis...
The ninth
problem, we are going to see is
salmonellosis the drinking water
contaminated with the bacteria is the
source of infection is more common as a
foodborne disease and the symptoms are
diarrhea, fever, vomiting, and abdominal
cramps.
Typhoid fever...
The tenth problem is the typhoid
fever it is very common ingestion of
water contaminated with the feces of an
infected persons is the source of
infection the disease is characterized
by sustained fever up to 40 degree
Celsius. Profuse sweating, diarrhea
occur in some cases. Symptoms progress to
delirium, spleen and liver enlargement.
In
this case, it can last up to four weeks
and cause death of the infected
individual.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome...
The 11th problem which is
transmitted from the contaminated water
is severe acute respiratory syndrome. We
can see the picture of infected lungs. The virus manifest itself in improperly
treated water and can cause fever, mal
gia, lethargy, gastrointestinal symptoms, cough, and sore throat.
Hepatitis E...
The twelfth
problem is hepatitis E this is caused by
a virus and the virus manifest itself in
water and food and causes the symptoms
of like fatigue fever abdominal pain
nausea diarrhea weight loss itching
jaundice and depression in many
individuals the thirteenth problem is
the hepatitis E this again is caused by
a virus which enters water through the
feces of infected individuals and this
disease causes fever fatigue loss of
appetite nausea vomiting abdominal pain
jaundice dark urine clay colour stool
and joint pain etc.
Polio...
The fourteenth
problem you might have seen throughout Pakistan is polio are called polio myelitis. The virus of this disease enters the
water through the feces of infected
individuals. This virus once settles in
the body it causes delirium headache
fever and occasional scissors and
spastic paralysis it may be like
non-political enjoy.
It is in 1 percent
of the cases the serious symptoms
resulting in paralysis or death are also
reported many times.
There are some other
diseases which are not very common but
are transmitted by the contaminated
water by the pathogens which occurs
crossbody, nurses, Cyclospora assists, Nell Genesis, campylobacteriosis Dysentry etc...
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